Francisca Costa

Photo by Basil Radeef India’s circular economy is still dominated by waste management. Although these initiatives aim to improve the collection and recycling of waste, they are end-of-pipe fixes which do not prevent waste from being generated. Indian recycling often relies on outdated and polluting methods, and according to the Global Waste Statistics, e-waste recycling rates remain as low as 1%. Meanwhile, the transboundary dumping of e-waste by developed countries continues to harm India’s...

Photo by Chokniti Khongchum From biodegradable plastics to bio-fibres, these bio-based materials are considered greener because they can reduce fossil fuel use and improve soil carbon dynamics, thanks to their reduced carbon footprint and enhanced biodegradability potential . These bio-based materials offer new services and functionalities, reveal lower levels of toxicity, improve biodegradability and recyclability. Together, these factors contribute to the perception that “bio-based” means...

Photo on Unsplash While COP30 is taking place in Belém, its implications extend to Delhi, Nairobi, Jakarta, and beyond. The linear take-make-waste model  has increased environmental degradation, resource depletion, and increased greenhouse gas emissions, while also producing vast amounts of waste. For the Global South, including India and other developing countries, the COP30 has the opportunity to present the circular economy as an alternative to transition to a more equitable and...