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A Critical European Raw Materials Management System: The 2023 Playbook

Philippa Noble


This paper follows a previous analysis of the ECRMR’s potential effects on developing economies. In this paper, the focus is turned to the EU’s domestic CRM markets, revealing how the current hyperfocus of the policy on extraction, processing, and recycling is not applicable to all identified CRMs. Through an analysis of the limits of the ECRMR as it stands, it will be shown that a supporting structure of circular economy legislation could promote a successful ECRMR for all CRMs, not just those that could benefit from recycling infrastructure. The paper provides detailed policy recommendations for each CRM where data allows.


To learn more, access the White Paper here:


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Circular Innovation Lab is a Danish think tank, based out of Copenhagen, with a mission to accelerate the global transition to a circular economy.

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